GEOGRAPHY-(Class-7) Unit-3 “Settlement and Land Use”



GEOGRAPHY-(Class-7) Unit-3 “Settlement and Land Use” 

  •  Shorts Questions/Answers
  •  Q No.1: Define human settlements? 

  • Ans: A settlement is a place where people live together and carry out their social and economic activities. Human settlements can be temporary or permanent places to live in. 

  •  Q No.2: Describe different types of activities people live in urban areas? 

  • Ans: People are engaged in in secondary and tertiary economic activities such as manufacturing, trading, and business on large scale. Services like banking, medicine, higher education and entertainment are also offered. Lifestyle of people living here is more advanced and faster than people living in rural setting.

  •  Q No.3: What are the major types of settlements in Pakistan? 

  • Ans: Human settlements can be divided into two main types i.e., urban and rural. Generally, we classify the settlements on the basis of population size, occupation, facilities and services provided there.

  •  Q No.4: How many types of linear settlements are found in Pakistan? Give some examples. 

  • Ans: A linear settlement can be seen along rivers, channels, roads and coastlines. Swat valley of Pakistan provides an impressive scene of linear settlement for a long distance along the river. There are two types of linear settlements. i) Rural settlement. ii) Urban settlement. 
  •  Long Questions/Answers
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  • Q No.1: Draw a pyramid of settlement hierarchy and explain the main types of settlements? Ans: 

  •  Ans: Main types of settlement: Human settlements can be divided into two types i.e. urban and rural. Generally, we classify the settlement on the basis of population size, occupation, facilities and services being provided there. 1. Rural Settlement: A rural settlement is relatively small in area and population size with socially similar people that know one another. Rural settlements are mostly close to nature. Farmsteads, hamlets and villages are the three types of rural settlements. In rural settlement, people are bound together by strong relationships, common interests and share basic facilities. Farmstead: - A type of settlement consisting of one house. Hamlet: - Small rural settlements consisting of few houses. Village: - Large rural settlements having a small market and mud or semi cemented houses. Its population can be of 5000 people.

  •  2. Urban Settlement: Urban settlement is relatively large densely populated settlements with socially different people who do not know each other. Urban settlements are usually compact in nature and have nucleated settlements with developed infrastructure. Types of Urban Settlement: There are four main types of urban settlements as under:- Town: - A town is larger than a village but smaller than a city. It provides a higher level of services such as banks, post offices, hospitals and schools. A town has a population in 1 to 20,000 people. City: - A city is greater in size than a town and has more facilities like commercial centers, housing societies, colleges, universities and transportation. The population of cities ranges from 1 lac to 10 lac. Conurbation: - This is made up of several towns joined together but each town still maintains its identity such as Rawalpindi-Islamabad. Megalopolis: - This is the largest type of urban settlement. Areas larger than cities are megalopolis. Usually its population is more than 10 million. Karachi, Mumbai and New York are examples.

  •  Q No3: Discuss the disadvantages of rural and urban settlement by using an organogram?

  •  Ans: Disadvantages of Rural Settlements: 1. Fewer job opportunities and small businesses.
  •  2. Less access to utilities. 3. Lack of public transportation. 4. Less use of technology. 5. Distance from services (education, medical facility). Disadvantages of Urban Settlements: 1. Fast and stressful lifestyle. 2. High cost of living. 3. Overcrowded and compact settlement. 4. More crime rate. 5. Small houses or apartments. 6. High level of pollution. 7. Traffic blockage and noise. 



  •  Q No.3: Compare urban-rural settlements on the basis of functions performed there? 

  • Ans: Functions of rural settlements: People are engaged in primary activities such as agriculture, mining, forestry, fishing and craft work. There are few commercial activities, mostly in petty trades, using their small shops and local markets for daily use. Simple services like school and post office can be found. Rural areas with Masajid are involved in religious activities. Functions of urban settlements: People are engaged in economic activities such as manufacturing, trading and business on large scale. Services like banking, medicines, higher education and entertainment are also offered. Urban settlements are usually well laid out on geometrical pattern. Lifestyle of people is more advanced and faster than rural setting.

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